Age and Gender Disparities in Bladder Cancer: A Cross Sectional Study in Bangladesh

Background with Objective

Worldwide Urinary bladder carcinoma (UBC) is one of the most common cancers of genitourinary system. Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is one of the leading causes of death for both men and women. Female-gender patients diagnosed with bladder cancer have a higher risk of recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific mortality compared with their male counterparts. The aim of this study was to focus on the age and sex disparities in bladder carcinoma.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 50 patients presenting with malignant tumor in urinary bladder at Pathology department for histopathology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January 2016 to December 2017. Purposive sampling method was followed. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using window based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-20.1).

Results

Male patients (80%) were suffering from more malignant tumor in urinary bladder than female patients (20%). Maximum (58.0%) patients were below or equal to 60 years. 36 (72.0%) patients had high grade of urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). High grade tumor is more common in 51-60 years followed by 61-70 years. High grade tumor was more common in female patients (90%). There was no significant difference in tumor marker Her2/neu score and Ki-67 level between two age groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Biological sex is an independent risk factor of cancer. Male patients suffering from more bladder cancer than female but female patients have a greater reduction in lifespan compared to males.