Navigating Insecurity and Migration Trends in Nigeria, (2019-2023)

Nigeria has confronted a multitude of security challenges in recent years, including the Boko Haram insurgency, farmer-herder conflicts, and the rise of banditry, which have significantly impacted the country's population. These security threats have compelled large-scale internal displacement and migration, leading to complex social, economic, and political consequences. This study explores insecurity and migration patterns in Nigeria from 2019 to 2023. The study adopted the Integrated Theory of Forced Migration and data were sourced from secondary sources such as the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Displacement Tracking Matrix, the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and National Population Commission (NPC), International organizations' reports and databases, such as the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), International Organization for Migration (IOM), and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Academic research publications, policy briefs, and civil society organizations. The data collected were analyzed with content analysis and the findings revealed that, the far-reaching consequences of insecurity on migration patterns include increased Displacement. the disruption of livelihoods and economic activities, the strain on public services and infrastructure in host communities, and exposure to human trafficking and exploitation. Thus, the study concluded that addressing the underlying causes of insecurity, such as poverty, inequality, and ethnic/religious tensions, will be key to alleviating the humanitarian crisis and promoting long-lasting solutions for displaced populations.