The Effect of Surfactant Concentration to Particle Size of Herbal Imunity Nanoemulsion

Herbal imunity consists of ginger, turmeric, centella, and cinnamon, that act as immunostimulant agents. However, the infusion impractical and limited doses of the extract used, so it is necessary to develop drug delivery to resolve that problem. The Self Nano Emulsifying Drugs Delivery System (SNEDDS) technique is expected to increase the solubility, drug release, and absorption of active substances in the body, especially for low solubility of an active substance. SNEDDS consists of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant. A surfactant is a substance that can reduce surface tension so that emulsion globules form in nanoparticle size. Tween 80 can produce a more transparent solution for oil-in-water emulsions than surfactants with low HLB values. This study aimed to determine the effect of surfactant concentration on the physical properties of nanoemulsion to obtain the smallest particle size. The formula consists of coconut oil-tween 80-propilen glycol of 1:7:1; 1:8:1; and 1:9:1 that incorporated extracts were 100, 200, and 300 mg. The physical tests included transmittance percentage, emulsification time on AGF media, phase separation, and stability test using the cycling test method. Nanoemulsion, then followed by Particle Size Analysis. The results showed that the greater surfactant concentration reduce transmittance value and particle size, but increase the emulsification time and phase separation. Formula with oil: surfactant: co-surfactant of 1:7:1 is a system that meets the requirement for herbal imunity with an optimal loading dose and small particle size compared to another formula. The extract’s loading dose of 300 mg have a particle size of 17.06 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.32.