Rehabilitation Programs Among Persons Deprived of Liberty in the District Jails of Bohol

This study examined the implementation of rehabilitation programs in the district jails of Bohol and identified challenges encountered by jail personnel in delivering these interventions. Using a quantitative research design and stratified random sampling, the study surveyed 117 Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) and 58 jail personnel across four district jails. Results revealed that violations of R.A. 9165 were the most prevalent offenses among PDLs, reflecting national concerns regarding drug-related crimes. Rehabilitation programs—such as basic needs provision, health services, the Alternative Learning System (ALS), livelihood programs, the Therapeutic Community Modality Program (TCMP), interfaith services, cultural activities, paralegal processing, and e-dalaw—were generally well implemented, with ALS and TCMP receiving the highest engagement. However, gaps were noted in skills training, livelihood activities, interfaith sessions beyond mass celebrations, and access to clean water. Both PDLs and personnel identified overcrowding and the increasing number of drug-related offenders as pressing issues, although PDLs perceived the severity of problems more strongly than personnel. A significant difference was found between the two groups’ perceptions (p = 0.038). The study concludes that while rehabilitation programs are functioning, improvements are needed in resources, inclusivity, facility conditions, and capacity building to strengthen reintegration outcomes. Recommendations include enhancing program consistency, expanding skills training opportunities, addressing overcrowding, and improving health and sanitation systems.