The Burden of Diabetes Distress Among Persons Living with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes distress, the emotional and psychological burden associated with living with and managing diabetes, is usually attributed to the demands of living with the disease. Additional factors bordering on the attitude and behaviour of healthcare providers, as well as the social context in which affected persons live, also contribute to experienced diabetes-related distress. It is a significant issue that can impact both the mental well-being and the physical health of affected persons, and ultimately treatment adherence and disease control. This narrative review explored existing evidence on the reported burden of diabetes distress among persons living with diabetes mellitus vis-a-vis its prevalence and severity, as well as contributing factors and impact on psychological well-being and quality of life. Extensive literature search of relevant database was conducted. Findings revealed that diabetes distress is a common situation affecting a significant portion of persons living with diabetes. It is associated with poorer glycemic control and overall health outcomes. Socio-demographic and disease-related factors, and psychological comorbidities were reported to be frequently associated with higher levels of diabetes distress. Elevated diabetes distress is a barrier to diabetes management and optimal self-care, often leading to poorer treatment outcomes. Empowering affected persons with diabetes self-management skills was reported to significantly reduce emotional and regimen distress, with consequent significant improvement in treatment outcomes and health-related quality of life. The entire healthcare team should regularly explore and cater to the diabetes distress-related needs of persons living with the various types of diabetes mellitus in order to optimize their well-being and treatment outcomes.