Calculating the Temperature Where Rain Droplets in a Cloud Become Ice Particles II

On June 4, 2012, Jennings (2012) [1] published his theory of how a polystyrene solution superheats and nucleates. From Jennings (2012) [1] came Jennings (2024) [2] where the formula for raindrop formation in a cloud is presented. Then was published Jennings (2026a) [3] where the following equation for the rain dew point was derived.

To–T = (3 k To2/σo ao)(P*H2O/Pair)

For Jennings (2025) [4] there is the formula for snow formation in a cloud related to ice formation in a supercooled bath.

T = D (7.14 x 107) / (k ns a ΔT0.69)

Now ΔT = To-T, where To = melting temperature Kelvin of ice and T = temperature Kelvin of the bath or supercooling limit in the cloud. In a paper, we eliminated To-T between these two equations to get this result. Jennings (2026b) [5].

T= D (7.14 x 107) / (k ns a ((3 k To2/σo ao) (P*H2O/Pair))0.69)

This paper is version II of the rain droplets supercooling to become ice particles paper. Here new expressions for D and P*H2O are used. In the text of the paper, the author will present how to calculate T, where the rain droplet has supercooled enough to become an ice particle. Another aspect of this paper is to point out that cloud seeding should be done in the Rocky Mountains that feed the Colorado river. The clouds in the mountains could be seeded with NaCl, AgI, dry ice or even possibly CH3-O- Na+. Jennings (2022) [6].