Effectiveness of Supervision on Potential Corruption in Parking Fees in Malang City: A Criminal Law Analysis

The study of the effectiveness of law enforcement towards parking officers in Malang City, Indonesia, who have the potential to commit corruption, is crucial to be done, given the discrepancy between parking fee receipts and actual regional revenue. This suggests that there is a possibility of manipulation of regional revenue in the parking sector. Furthermore, this article also aims to analyse the method of collecting parking fees, along with its management system by parking officers in Malang City, who are under the supervision of the Malang City Transportation Agency. This article employs empirical legal research with a legislative and sociological approach. Data were obtained through interviews with several relevant parties, such as the members of the Transportation Agency and several parking officers. Five parking officers were sampled to obtain primary data on the issue. This empirical research will identify the gap between normative regulations and law enforcement in practice. The results indicate that the parking fee management system in Malang City still has weaknesses in terms of oversight, transparency, and the mechanism for depositing the collected fees, making it ineffective in a general sense. The data show that there were instances of fraud found in parking management, such as parking tickets not given to the people who park, and the practice of discrepancies between the amount of deposits and the actual collection. Based on these conditions, this study recommends strengthening the Transportation Agency’s oversight and transparency systems to prevent greater losses in the future.