Social Housing Development for Industrial Workers and Low-Income Laborers in the Context of Urbanization: The Case of Vung Tau City, Vietnam (2021–2030)

Urbanization and industrial growth have significantly increased housing demand in many Vietnamese cities, particularly in areas with strong industrial and service-sector development. In recent years, Vung Tau City has experienced rapid urban expansion associated with industrial activities, logistics services, tourism, and labor migration. These processes have generated increasing demand for affordable housing among industrial workers and low-income laborers.

This study analyzes social housing development in Vung Tau City during the 2021–2030 period within the broader context of urbanization. The research used both secondary and primary data sources, including statistical reports, housing development plans, legal documents, questionnaire surveys, and interviews with industrial workers and local stakeholders. Descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and qualitative synthesis were applied to evaluate housing demand, housing supply, and the major constraints affecting social housing development.

The results indicate a considerable imbalance between housing demand and available social housing supply in Vung Tau City. Rising land prices, limited urban land reserves, and lengthy administrative procedures continue to constrain project implementation and housing accessibility for industrial workers and low-income households. Consequently, many migrant workers still rely on small-scale rental accommodation with inadequate living conditions. The study suggests that stronger land-use planning coordination, preferential financing mechanisms, and greater private sector participation are necessary to improve housing accessibility and support sustainable urban development.