The Importance of Teaching Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics Based on the "Applied-Professional Orientation" Concept in Developing Students' Economic Thinking

The training of future economists and the development of their professional competence are directly linked not only to the study of economic disciplines but also to mastering mathematical subjects, particularly probabilistic and statistical methods. This is because the outcomes of many economic processes depend on numerous random factors and uncertainties. Analytical conclusions are always assessed with a certain degree of probability, which determines the reliable boundaries of specific research results. Therefore, the theory of probability and mathematical statistics play a crucial role in fostering students' economic thinking. However, teaching this subject presents considerable challenges. This article substantiates the relevance of teaching probability theory and mathematical statistics based on the "applied-professional orientation" concept. It provides a practical mechanism for implementing this approach in the educational process, illustrated with a comprehensive system of examples and problems.