The Role of Rice Productivity in the Socio-Economic Development of Households

This study analyzes the role of rice productivity in shaping the socio-economic development of rural households in the Maranga zone of northern Burundi. Using a quantitative approach, primary data were collected from 255 rice-farming households and analyzed through an econometric model based on Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The study examines key determinants including production levels, access to agricultural inputs, credit, technical support, farmer organizations, infrastructure, climate change, and market access. The results reveal significant variability in rice production, reflecting disparities in farmers’ capacities. While the use of combined fertilizers is widespread and contributes positively to soil fertility, access to credit and technical support remains limited. Market access and infrastructure deficiencies are identified as major constraints, while climate change poses an additional risk to productivity. Overall, the findings show that rice productivity has a positive and significant effect on household socio-economic development. However, this effect is conditioned by access to inputs, institutional support, and market integration. The study concludes that improving infrastructure, strengthening extension services, enhancing financial inclusion, and promoting climate-resilient practices are essential for maximizing the developmental impact of rice farming in Burundi.