Vaccination Status, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Hepatitis B among College Students from Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global health concern, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. Despite the intermediate endemicity, there is limited knowledge regarding HBV transmission, prevention, and the importance of vaccination. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding HBV among college students in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh, and examine the correlation between educational level and preventive health behaviors.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2024 among grade 11 and 12 students from five randomly selected colleges in Rajshahi City. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of HBV, attitudes, and preventive practices. Data analysis was performed using appropriate non-parametric statistical tests.

Result: Out of 574 students approached, 512 participated, the findings revealed a significant association between higher educational qualifications and better knowledge scores, which in turn were linked to positive preventive behaviors such as vaccination (87.5%), asking for new syringes (63.9%), and participation in health education programs (14.3%). However, misconceptions persisted, with 30.3% believing it could be transmitted via food or water. Additionally, 68.6% of respondents reported avoiding meeting HBV patients, highlighting the social stigma associated with the disease.

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of education in improving HBV-related knowledge and preventive practices among college students in Rajshahi City. Despite the association between higher knowledge and better health behaviors, misconceptions and stigma remain common. Integrating comprehensive HBV education into academic curricula and targeted awareness programs may help address these gaps and contribute to national and global HBV elimination efforts.