Determinants and Impacts of Improved Maize Variety Adoption Among Small-Scale Farmers in Matabula Village, Zambia

Improved maize varieties play a vital role in enhancing productivity and strengthening food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, their continued use among small-scale farmers remains difficult to sustain. This study examined the adoption and use of improved maize varieties in Matabula Village in Chibombo District, Zambia. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and information was collected from one hundred and thirty-five randomly selected small-scale farmers through structured questionnaires. The study found a high level of adoption, with farmers largely influenced by peer interactions, access to extension services, and expectations of higher profitability. The main challenges reported were high seed cost, frequent drought, and the occurrence of pests and diseases. Although many farmers had adopted improved maize varieties, access to financial support remained limited. Farmers also proposed increased extension services, more demonstration activities, and measures aimed at reducing production costs to support long-term adoption. Overall, while adoption is encouraging, its sustainability is affected by economic limitations, climatic conditions, and institutional constraints. Strengthened extension systems, enhanced affordability of inputs, and improved climate-resilient practices are essential for long-term adoption.