Examining Household Demographics on Income Inequalities in Urban Areas of Lusaka: A Case Study of Kuku Compound of Lusaka District

This study examines the relationship between household demographics and income inequalities in Kuku Compound, Lusaka District, Zambia. It specifically examines how household size, education levels, and gender patterns influence income distribution. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected from 100 households through structured questionnaires, while qualitative insights were obtained via semi-structured interviews with community leaders. Stratified random sampling ensured representation of diverse household structures. Data were analyzed using STATA for descriptive statistics and complemented by thematic analysis. Findings reveal that 72% of households have six to eight members, resulting in high dependency ratios and income strain. Most households (90%) earn between K1,001 and K3,000 monthly, reflecting low-income homogeneity and limited opportunities, mainly in the informal sector (92%). Education emerged as vital for reducing inequality, with 71% of respondents emphasizing its importance and 77% supporting free education. Gender also plays a significant role, as female-headed households face barriers to income access 81% of women reported no income sources. Joint financial decision-making was found to enhance household income management (57%). The study concludes that household size, education, and gender dynamics jointly shape income inequality in Kuku Compound. It recommends policies promoting education access, women’s economic empowerment, and income-generating initiatives to reduce inequality and enhance welfare in urban informal settlements.