Analysing the Effectiveness of Green Strategies in Construction Projects: A Case Study of the Lusaka-Ndola Dual Carriage Way

The construction industry has increasingly adopted sustainable practices to reduce environmental impact, improve resource efficiency, and enhance long-term project performance. Green construction strategies, which included energy-efficient designs, waste minimization, sustainable material use, and environmentally friendly technologies, became central to achieving these objectives. The Lusaka-Ndola Dual Carriageway, as one of Zambia’s major infrastructure projects, provided a critical case for examining the application and outcomes of such strategies. This study was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of green strategies in construction projects, focusing on their implementation, impact on project performance, and associated challenges. Specifically, it sought to identify the types of green strategies applied in the Lusaka-Ndola Dual Carriageway, evaluate their effectiveness, determine the relationship between green strategies and project performance, and examine the limitations that affected their full potential. The study employed an exploratory case study design. Data collection was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire that included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Primary data were obtained through structured surveys administered to participants. The study recommends that construction companies prioritize the adoption of low-carbon and recycled materials, alongside energy-efficient technologies such as solar panels and smart lighting, to enhance sustainability and operational efficiency. Companies should implement systematic water conservation and waste management practices, while investing in staff training to build technical capacity for green construction. Firms are encouraged to integrate green strategies into project planning to improve quality, risk management, and stakeholder engagement, while leveraging technology to monitor effectiveness and optimize cost, timeline, and environmental performance.