Optimization of the Organizational Structure of a Freight Forwarding Company Based on Multicriteria Analysis and Simulation Modeling

The article is devoted to the development of a methodology for determining the optimal organizational structure of a freight forwarding company based on the integrated application of simulation modeling and multicriteria optimization methods.

To solve this problem, methods of system analysis, simulation modeling in the GPSS World environment and methods of multi-criteria decision-making were used. A simulation model has been developed that reproduces the process of processing applications for international road transport. To aggregate heterogeneous indicators (service time, queue length, staff workload, failure rate, etc.), a formalized approach was applied with data standardization and calculation of an integral efficiency criterion.

Based on the data generated by the simulation model for four alternative structures, a multi-criteria analysis was performed. By calculating generalized and integral indicators, the optimal variant of the structure was determined, which showed the smallest deviation from the reference values according to a set of key criteria.

The developed methodology makes it possible to objectively and quantitatively justify the choice of organizational structure, transferring it from the field of subjective assessments to the plan of data analysis. The practical significance of the work is to provide company managers with a tool for modeling structural changes, assessing their impact on KPIs, and making informed decisions to optimize resources and business processes to reduce costs and improve the quality of services. The results are applicable in the practical activities of logistics companies and in the educational process.