The Readiness of Small and Medium-Sized Audit Firms in Vietnam for the Digital Transformation Wave: An Analysis from the Perspectives of Auditors and Managers

This study aims to explore and analyze the readiness for digital transformation of small and medium-sized (non-Big4) audit firms in Vietnam, from the multidimensional perspectives of both managers and auditors. Employing a qualitative methodology with a multiple case study design, the study conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with experienced managers and auditors from 7 non-Big4 firms. The findings reveal a clear paradox between a high awareness of the importance of digital transformation and very cautious investment actions. This process is significantly hindered by a "trio" of barriers related to finance, human resources, and organizational culture, while being primarily driven by market competition and client demands. The study also identifies a significant divergence in perspectives between managers (who focus on strategy) and auditors (who are concerned with daily operations). Consequently, the study proposes important practical implications for non-Big4 firms regarding the development of a phased digital transformation roadmap, for professional associations in designing specific support programs, and for educational institutions in updating their curricula. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the non-Big4 segment, an important yet under-researched group in the context of an emerging market like Vietnam, while also providing profound empirical evidence on the differences in perspectives between organizational levels, thereby filling a significant research gap.