Serum SGPT in Early Dengue: A Predictive Marker for Severe Disease Progression in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh

Background: Elevated serum SGPT (ALT) in early dengue fever may be a strong indicator of liver damage. Elevation of SGPT, in conjunction with other liver function tests, can be used to monitor for possible complications and gauge the severity of the disease, even though it is not a diagnostic marker for dengue.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the level of SGPT elevation in dengue patients in febrile phase (day 1-4) and to explore the relationship between the degree of SGPT elevation with the severity of dengue infection.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Dinajpur City’s Dinjpur Medical College Hospital during the period of June 2023 to July2024.430 diagnosed cases of dengue fever, however, 210 patients with available clinical and lab records willing to participate in the study was included in the study.

Result: There was no statistically significant association between SGPT category and sex (Pearson Chi-square, p = 0.119). Most of our patients were male 78.57%. One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in mean SGPT between groups (p < 0.01). Shock was significantly more frequent in patients with SGPT >135 U/L (p = 0.022). Majority (≈75–80 patients) are in the non-shock group in <45 SGPT Class.

Conclusion: To confirm these correlations and ascertain whether SGPT trends could function as an early predictor of development to shock, further extensive, multi-center research is necessary.