Maternal Sociodemographic and Economic factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcome among postnatal women in Federal Medical Center Umuahia, Abia State

Pregnancy outcome is the result of conception of pregnancy which is categorized into positive outcome and negative/adverse outcome. However, pregnancy outcome is influenced by various factors. The aim of the research study was to assess maternal socio-demographic and economic factors associated with pregnancy outcome among postnatal women in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the types of socio-demographic factors influencing pregnancy outcome, determine the various outcomes of pregnancy associated with the postnatal women, determine association between socio-demographic factors and pregnancy outcome among postnatal women and to determine the significant difference between each economic factor and the pregnancy outcomes of postnatal women in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State. The target population comprised of all postnatal women booked in ANC of the FMC who were in their six (6) weeks post natal from March 2020 to February 2021, totaling 2072. The study applied a cross-sectional descriptive study which describes the phenomenon at that particular time and a simple random sampling technique, together with Yaro Yamane’s sample size determination to select a sample size of 335 respondents used for analysis. The gathered data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21; findings presented on tables and analyzed with percentage. Inferential statistics using logistic regression analysis and Chi-square was applied to determine the relationship between the research variables. From the data analysis, the result clearly revealed that out of the eight (8) factors identified, only one (construction design changes) is not a clear significant positive influence for construction project implementation. Furthermore, the study showed that socio-demographic and economic factors have significant effects to pregnancy outcomes of the postnatal women in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, however, marital status, religion and type of house ownership did not influence the pregnancy outcome of the postnatal women in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State. The study recommends that programmes should be implemented that educate the women on pros and cons during the course of the antenatal care as that would curb the rate of premature births amongst the women who dropped out of school. Further, the study recommends that the women should be re-oriented on benefits accompanying registering any health insurance schemes made available.