The Silent Swell - Epidemiology, Clinical Profile, and Treatment patterns of benign prostate hyperplasia in India

Background and Aim: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common age-related condition that significantly impacts the quality of life of older men, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and potential complications. An understanding of the disease burden and management strategies in this population is crucial for optimizing healthcare delivery. The study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in Indian patients diagnosed with BPH.

Methods: The retrospective, multi-centric, cross-sectional design involved the collection of data from various healthcare facilities across India.

Results: The study population comprised 3,182 individuals with a mean age of 65.1 years, Common comorbidities included erectile dysfunction (20.0%) and hypertension (10.8%) and diabetes (8.1). 91.1% patients were managed by medical measures while 8.9% of cases required surgical intervention, most commonly TURP. 65.8% of patients received standard BPH medications (alpha blockers), while 30% patients received dual therapy with an alpha blocker and a 5-ARI. Silodosin (45%), Tamsulosin (40%) were most common alpha blockers while Dutasteride (95%) was most common 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor (ARI) used in Indian settings. IPSS scores, mean baseline PSA (8.83 ng/ml), and mean PVR volume (151.38 ml) all decreased post-treatment indicating improved symptoms and bladder emptying. This highlights the effectiveness of the management strategies used in this cohort of Indian patients in alleviating LUTS and improving patient outcomes.

Conclusions: The findings underscore the significant burden of BPH in older Indian men and highlight the importance of effective management strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Given the aging population in India, further research is needed to optimize BPH management in this population, considering factors such as long-term treatment outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and patient adherence.