Prevalence of Urinary Schistosoma Infection among Internally Displaced Persons Living along University of Agriculture Road North Bank Makurdi Benue State

Urinary schistosomiasis is a significant public health issue in tropical regions, particularly among vulnerable populations such as internally displaced persons (IDPs). This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and demographic distribution of Schistosoma haematobium infection among 258 IDPs residing along University of Agriculture Road, North Bank, Makurdi, Benue State, using macroscopic and microscopic examination of urine samples. The overall prevalence was 1.2%. Infection rates varied across demographic groups, with the highest prevalence observed in children aged 0–9 years (5%, χ²=5.25, p=0.730) and among males (1.68%, χ²=0.018, p=0.892), although these differences were not statistically significant. No significant associations were found between infection rates and education level (χ²=2.69, p=0.261) or occupation (χ²=3.25, p=0.197). Risk factors, such as water source (borehole users: 1.9%, χ²=0.624, p=0.430) and sanitation practices (open defecation: 1.27%, χ²=0.000, p=1.000), also showed limited statistical relevance. Symptoms, however, were significantly associated with infection, with blood in urine yielding a 20% infection rate (χ²=21.33, p=0.0001). Despite the low prevalence, the findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including improved sanitation, access to clean water, health education, and routine screening. These measures are vital for reducing the risk of transmission and improving health outcomes in displaced communities.