Antifungal, Antibacterial and Nematicidal Properties of Solanum Species

The Solanum genus, belonging to the nightshade family (Solanaceae), is a widely distributed group of plants exhibiting significant bioactive potential due to its rich phytochemical composition. Various species within this genus have been extensively studied for their antifungal, antibacterial, and nematicidal properties, primarily attributed to the presence of alkaloids, glycoalkaloids, flavonoids, and steroidal compounds. These secondary metabolites contribute to the inhibition of fungal growth, bacterial proliferation, and nematode infestations, making Solanum species valuable candidates for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. This review explores their role in natural antimicrobial and nematode management strategies. Understanding these properties may facilitate the development of eco-friendly biopesticides and plant-based therapeutic agents, contributing to advancements in medicine and sustainable agriculture. Incorporating Solanum species into crop rotation or integrated pest control can reduce nematode populations, increase crop output, and reduce the need for chemical pesticides.