The Impact of Macroenvironment to Sustainable Tourism Development

The tourism industry has been showing a strong recovery after a long period of disruption due to COVID-19, especially with the contribution of green growth and sustainable tourism. This impressive comeback also brings significant challenges to environmental sustainability, including overtourism, environmental degradation, and dilution of traditional cultural values. This study highlights the role of community-based tourism and green tourism models in balancing environmental conservation and economic benefits, thereby achieving the sustainability goals of a destination. The tourism industry's great contribution to GDP growth, income, and job creation. The trajectory for sustainable tourism development comes from the stability and support of the Government, and the legal framework and regulations are indispensable. In addition, technological innovation related to tourism will enhance the experience for tourists through virtual reality tourism, seamless experiences, online booking and payment, or the convenience and savings of technology car services. It implies that the balance between economic growth, cultural preservation, and environmental protection is an important strategy to position sustainable tourism and success. However, the study still has some limitations in reliability and generalizability due to the lack of integration of micro-environmental analysis in a complex competitive context, the lack of empirical testing with different cultures, and the use of qualitative research methods.