Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Temporomandibular Disorders among Postgraduate Dental Students and Practicing Dentists in Maharashtra: A Questionnaire-Based Survey

Objective To assess the awareness, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies related to TMD among postgraduate dental students and practicing dentists at graduate level in Maharashtra. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from November 20, 2024 to January 2, 2025 using a structured questionnaire distributed online to postgraduate students and practicing dentists in Maharashtra. The questionnaire assessed participants' knowledge of TMD etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches. A total of 268 participants including 125 practicing dentists at graduate level and 143 postgraduate students completed the survey. Results The study revealed significant differences in TMD awareness between postgraduate students and practicing dentist. 57.39% of postgraduate students often suspected TMD, compared to 44% of practicing dentist. Parafunctional habits and psychological factors were more frequently identified as etiological factors by postgraduates. Nine statements in etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of TMD had different consensus between the two groups. While diagnostic approaches were consistent, gaps were identified in recognizing etiological factors, the role of psychological contributors, and the association between TMD and tinnitus. Conclusion The study highlights critical gaps in the understanding and management of TMD among dental practitioners and postgraduate students. This discrepancy points to the need for comprehensive educational programs emphasizing the multifactorial nature of TMD.