Profil Epidemioclinique et Bacteriologique de L’infection Neonatale Bacterienne Precoce a L’hopital General de Reference de Bonzola

Context

Early neonatal infection is a major cause of hospitalization and neonatal mortality. In our environment, confirmation of early neonatal bacterial infection is most often lacking and antibiotic treatment is either late or definitively probabilistic. Knowledge of bacterial ecology helps to better adapt probabilistic antibiotic therapy and early treatment.

The objective was to determine the sociodemographic, clinical and bacteriological profile of ENBI at GRH Bonzola.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out at Bonzola hospital from June 1 to October 31, 2021 in 154 newborns with bacterial infection confirmed in blood culture.

Results

The hospital frequency of INBP was 47,5%.

The clinical profile of newborns was characterized by neurological disorders (40,2%), hypotrophy (26,0%), prematurity (25,3%), respiratory disorders (22,0%), cardiovascular (19,4%), thermal (14,9%), digestive (9,0%) and cutaneous (7,7%).

The blood culture was positive in 56,6% of cases and the germs isolated were: Gram negative bacilli (93,5%) and Gram positive cocci (6,5%) including E. Coli (64,3%), Klebstiella (11,7%) and Serratia marcescens (8,4%).

Bacterial sensitivity on the antibiogram was variable: Amikacin (100%), Ciprofloxacin (80,92%), Gentamycin (68,06%), Vancomycin (44,11%), Imipenem (38.03%), Amoxicillin (21,1%), Cefotaxime (14,52%) and Ampicillin (6,25%).

Conclusion

Early neonatal bacterial infection constitutes a real public health problem in Bonzola. Its bacteriological profile is essentially made up of Gram-negative bacilli. Antibiotics with good sensitivity are Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin.