Assessing the Effectiveness of Investigative Journalism in Zambia: Case Study of Investigative Journalism in Lusaka Media Institutions

This study evaluates the effectiveness of investigative journalism in Zambia, focusing on Lusaka media institutions. The objectives include assessing its impact on public policy and governance, identifying challenges faced by journalists, evaluating organizational support for investigative efforts, and exploring its role in promoting transparency and combating corruption. A descriptive research design with purposive sampling engaged 75 participants, including journalists, media managers, policymakers, and civil society representatives. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, with analysis integrating descriptive statistics and thematic methods. Findings reveal mixed impacts: 53.33% of respondents acknowledge policy changes or government action from investigative stories, yet 42.67% consider the overall policy impact minimal. While 64% believe investigative journalism promotes transparency, particularly in anti-corruption efforts (highlighted by 36%), significant challenges persist. Legal threats and censorship affect 22.67%, safety concerns impact 17.33%, and financial constraints hinder 16%, limiting investigative depth. Despite obstacles, 64% view investigative journalism as a trusted source on corruption. The study concludes that investigative journalism fosters transparency but faces constraints from legal risks, inadequate resources, and safety issues. Recommendations include strengthening legal protections, financial support, journalist training, public engagement, and media freedom to enhance its governance role and accountability.