Challenges Hindering Effective Collaboration among Stakeholders in Special Education Units of Pemba District

The study explored challenges affecting effective collaboration among stakeholders in special education units of Pemba District. This study was guided by an interpretive paradigm and used phenomenology. The twelve participants who comprised five teacher, three parents and three head teachers were purposely selected. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide which was analysed thematically. The findings revealed key barriers to effective collaboration, such as inadequate training, lack of clear communication, resistance to teamwork, limited resources, and unclear roles among stakeholders. Despite these challenges, teachers acknowledged the potential benefits of collaboration in improving learning experiences for children with special needs. The study recommends increased government support, structured training programs, and the development of clear policies to enhance collaboration among all stakeholders in special education.