Ventricular Arrhythmias Triggered by Hypokalemia in Malabsorption Syndrome: A Case Report

Introduction

Ventricular arrhythmias, although frequently observed in various contexts, can be triggered by severe electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia. The latter can occur in the context of chronic gastrointestinal diseases leading to malabsorption, thereby creating a complex clinical situation.

Case Presentation

This is a 45-year-old patient with Crohn's disease, presenting clinical symptoms of severe hypokalemia, including palpitations, muscle weakness, and altered consciousness. The ECG revealed ventricular extrasystoles, followed by ventricular tachycardia. The laboratory evaluation showed severe hypokalemia (2.3 mmol/L), confirming that the arrhythmias were directly linked to the electrolyte imbalance. After intravenous potassium replenishment, the arrhythmias were controlled, and the patient's condition stabilized.

Discussion

Hypokalemia is a major risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias, particularly by altering myocardial repolarization and increasing cardiac excitability. In the context of malabsorption, this electrolyte deficiency is often underdiagnosed, although it can lead to serious complications. This case highlights the importance of close monitoring of electrolytes in patients with chronic gastrointestinal disorders, as well as early management of electrolyte imbalances to prevent arrhythmias.

Conclusion

This case highlights the relationship between hypokalemia and ventricular arrhythmias in the context of malabsorption. Rapid correction of hypokalemia led to the stabilization of the arrhythmias, emphasizing the importance of electrolyte monitoring and early management to prevent serious complications.