A Data-Driven Framework for Improving Health Facility Preparedness and Disaster Risk Mitigation in Urban Hospitals

Urban hospitals face increasing challenges in maintaining preparedness and mitigating disaster risks due to population density, infrastructure limitations, and the rising frequency of natural and human-made hazards. Effective disaster risk management requires a comprehensive, data-driven approach that integrates operational planning, resource allocation, and real-time monitoring to enhance resilience and protect patient safety. This study proposes a conceptual framework for improving health facility preparedness and disaster risk mitigation in urban hospitals, leveraging data analytics, digital tools, and coordinated governance to optimize response capacity and minimize adverse outcomes. The framework emphasizes systematic data collection and analysis to identify vulnerabilities, predict surge demands, and inform resource distribution. Key components include risk assessment dashboards, patient-flow simulations, inventory management systems for critical supplies, and digital tracking of staff availability and infrastructure status. Integration with electronic health records (EHRs) and hospital information systems enables timely decision-making, coordination across departments, and rapid activation of emergency protocols. Furthermore, predictive analytics and scenario modeling allow hospital administrators to anticipate potential crises, evaluate response strategies, and prioritize interventions to reduce morbidity, mortality, and operational disruption. Institutional governance and workforce readiness are integral to the framework. Defined leadership structures, standardized communication protocols, and cross-departmental coordination ensure efficient activation of emergency plans. Staff training, drills, and continuous performance evaluation reinforce preparedness and facilitate adaptive learning. The framework also incorporates mechanisms for compliance with regulatory standards, data security, and reporting to public health authorities. By implementing a data-driven approach, urban hospitals can enhance operational resilience, optimize resource utilization, and strengthen coordination during disasters. Expected outcomes include improved emergency response times, reduced patient risk, sustained continuity of essential services, and a proactive culture of preparedness. The framework provides a scalable model for urban health facilities, enabling evidence-based decision-making and continuous improvement in disaster risk management.