From Nuts to Bag: Peanuts (Arachis Hypogea) Shells as Sustainable Alternative Source in Making Eco-friendly Paper Bags

This study explored the potential of peanut shells (Arachis hypogea) as a sustainable material for eco-friendly paper bag production, addressing the environmental issues tied to traditional plastic and wood pulp-based bags. Using a quasi-experimental approach, 6 kg of peanut shells were processed into pulp and tested for strength, tear resistance, stiffness, durability, and biodegradability. The results showed that peanut shell-based paper bags were biodegradable, cost-effective, and suitable for carrying light to moderate loads. An optimal composition of 75% peanut shells was determined, balancing tensile strength, solubility, and biodegradability. The production process included collecting, cleaning, pulping, and papermaking, offering opportunities for further refinement. Although peanut shell paper bags were less robust than wood pulp alternatives, they provided substantial environmental benefits, such as reducing landfill waste and decreasing reliance on non-renewable resources. This study highlighted peanut shells as a promising sustainable alternative for the packaging industry, combining functionality with environmental responsibility. By repurposing agricultural waste, these paper bags contribute to waste reduction and sustainability goals. Further research and industry adoption are recommended to enhance the performance and scalability of peanut shell-based packaging, supporting both community needs and global efforts for environmental conservation.