Sonographic Diagnosis of Choledochal Cyst in an Infant: A Case Report

A choledochal cyst is traditionally considered as a cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile ducts. The exact etiology remains unknown; leading to postulation of multiple theories. Regional variations exist for describing the epidemiology of the disease condition. Most of the cases are diagnosed in early childhood. Differential diagnoses include hepatic cysts, duodenal atresia, gallbladder duplication and so on. Ultrasonography is the imaging method of choice. Regarding treatment, all cysts should be resected and bile flow should be restored. Studies suggest that a certain amount of these cysts turn into cancer; the prognosis of those who develop a malignancy is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of around 5%. Other complications could be ascending cholangitis, stricture and stone and sludge formation. To achieve the best results in the care and management of patients with choledochal cysts, it is essntial to form an interprofessional group of specialists including pediatric surgeons, pediatric gastroenterologists, pathologists, physiotherapists, nutritionists, oncologists and radiologists.