Perspective in the Identification of the Risk Factors for Develop Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Laboratory Tests for Diagnosis

Background: Diabetes is a condition characterized by insulin resistance that triggers hyperglycemia, causing a poor quality of life in the patient and complications with other diseases. Continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels is important for its prevention and control. It is essential. It is important to review, analyze and emphasize information about the main factors of its development, as well as laboratory tests for diagnosis.

Aim: Document the main predisposing factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the laboratory tests useful for its diagnosis.

Methods: This research is observational and cross-sectional in nature, written in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 Declaration, using platforms such as Scielo, Elsevier, Governmental, PubMed and ResearchGate, obtaining 23 studies useful in research in the period 2000 – 2023.

Results: 23 references were analyzed in detail, the majority being from the period 2016 to 2020, mainly presenting overweight/obesity, as well as a sedentary lifestyle as the main risk factor.

Conclusion: It is important to keep information up to date. Overweight and obesity, along with a sedentary lifestyle and poor diet, are the main predisposing factors for development.