Impact of Exchange Rate on Vietnamese Import-Export Enterprises

The paper clarifies the goal based on two suitable research methods: Literature review and meta-analysis. The exchange rate has an impact on import and export activities, especially in developing country markets such as Vietnam. From secondary data on Vietnam's import and export situation, the authors conducted an assessment of import and export growth in the period from 2013 to 2023. Although Vietnam achieved a trade surplus during the study period, it is still quite low and less stable compared to other countries in the region. The analysis results have shown that when the exchange rate increases, Vietnam's main export enterprises such as technology, textile and garment industry, rubber industry, and fishery industry are the group of beneficiaries. In contrast, the group of mining, metallurgy, real estate, electricity industry... facing many difficulties in the face of the strengthening dollar. From the results of this assessment and analysis, the research team has proposed several directions to solve difficulties for the group of enterprises that have to import foreign materials. Such measures are that businesses need to plan financially in the context of fluctuating exchange rates; select import and export markets and diversification; choose payment currency and gradual reduction of dependence on the dollar; and use transferable measures such as buying insurance for the exchange rate.