Risk Factors of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: There are many risk factors that increase the rate of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome such as type of medication, dose of contrast agent used during angiography and emergency coronary intervention. Pre-existing chronic kidney disease, diabetes, older age, heart failure, hemodynamic instability, anemia, and concomitant medications have not been fully and individually studied in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Therefore, we conducted research to determine the rate of acute kidney injury after contrast administration and risk factors to better serve the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury in patients with the acute coronary syndrome.

Materials and Methods: There were 181 patients with acute coronary syndrome who received emergency coronary intervention at Dong Nai General Hospital from October 2022 to July 2023. This is a cohort, prospective study.

Results: There were 21 cases (11.6%) of contrast-associated acute kidney injury, average age 59.2 ± 12.3, 79.6% of men. In univariate analysis, we noted that contrast medium volume (p=0.038), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (p<0.001) and Mehran score (p<0.001) are factors that affect the incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury. However, upon multivariate analysis, only Mehran score (p<0.001) was associated with contrast-associated acute kidney injury, OR=13 (95% CI 4-35).

Conclusions: Mehran score was an independent risk factor for contrast-induced acute kidney injury.