Forensic Document Examination Tools used to Boost Land Fraud Investigation at the dci Headquarters in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Many countries in the world recognize that forensic document examination is vital to fraud document detection and mitigation. They therefore, have forensic document examination facilities. Although the ability to detect and disseminate intelligence about fraudulent documents is vital to security, there are still countries lacking this capacity, and specifically on land fraud investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the forensic document examination tools used to boost land fraud investigation at the DCI headquarters in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by the routine activity theory. The research design for this study was based on a a case study research design. Purposive sampling was employed to establish the suitable respondents while simple random sampling technique was used to select the particular respondent. Questionnaires and interview schedules were utilized to collect primary data from the sampled respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated to provide robust key findings. The findings of the study revealed that, magnifiers and microscopes, comparison devices, Ultraviolet and infrared lamp and electrostatic detection apparatus were the most used tools. The study concluded, that forensic document examination though not motivated by profit making plays a significant role that enhances state capacity in provision of documents security as well as contributes to safety of citizen’s assets. Based on the findings, the study recommended the department should be well funded by the government and other stakeholders so that it can be able to sustain and achieve its best practices.