Antidiabetic Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Leaf in Alloxan-Induced Male Mice

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with characteristics of hyperglycemia that occur due to abnormalities of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both of them. This study was to prove that the extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves has an activity to reduce blood sugar levels in diabetics at an effective dose. The method carried out to achieve this goal was to make extracts by maceration of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf powder using 70% ethanol solvent for 5 days. Testing of antidiabetic activity used white mice as experimental animals. This activity was performed in 6 treatment groups, namely group I (normal control), group II (negative control), group III (leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni 200 mg/200 g of body weight), group IV (leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni 400 mg / 200 g of body weight), group V (leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni 600 mg / 200 g of body weight), and group VI (positive control given glibenclamide 2 mg / 200 g of boody weight). All treatment groups were given the treatment for 10 days. Measurement of blood sugar levels was done by using the Easy Touch Glucometer. The antidiabetic activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf extract was indicated by looking at the difference in the decrease in blood sugar levels and then analyzed by Anova test with a significance value of 0.05. The best results in reducing blood sugar levels were in group III which showed the same antidiabetic activity as group VI. Conclusion: Stevia leaf extract has antidiabetic activity at a dose of 200 mg/200g body weight of mice.