Hydranencephaly: A Case Report and Ethical Considerations

Hydranencephaly is a rare congenital structural brain abnormality with a poor prognosis, consisting of complete or almost complete absence of the cerebral hemispheres with replacement of the cerebral parenchyma by cerebrospinal fluid. The evolution of a case diagnosed in the neonatal period in which the medical decision was made to provide palliative care and not undertake aggressive interventions is described. The most significant ethical considerations in terms of treatment and care of individuals affected by hydranencephaly are highlighted.