Evaluation of the Growth and Yields of Peanut Variety Based with the Use of Organic Manure and Phosphate Fertilizers in the Degraded Soil of Sudano-Sahelean Area, Cameroon

The Sudano-sahelean zone in Africa, with the demographic growth are marked by the intensification of monocultures and the lack of the rotation of cultures, causing the organic matter impoverishment in the soil. This study is focuses on the organic and phosphate fertilization in order to improve soil fertility of the peanut variety “ICGV-80003” and to enhance the yield in the Sudano-sahelean zone which the soil is highly degraded. This study was carried out at the site of Polyvalente Station of Agricultural Research of North-Cameroon. Treatments were: T0 = control; T1 = poultry manure; T2 = superphosphate (46 % P); T3 = poultry manure + superphosphate (46 % P). The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks with 3 repetitions. The parameters evaluated were: The germination rate, the height of plant, the vegetative ramification at 90 DAS and the weight of seeds plants. The results show that the germination rate was suitable with the use of superphosphate substrate and the association of poultry manure + superphosphate substrate for the peanut variety “ICGV-80003”. The apply of fertilizers types such as the poultry manure, superphosphate and the combined effect of poultry manure + superphosphate were significant (P≤0.05) on the height of peanut variety “ICGV-80003” compared to the control plots. Although, the number of leaves emitted by this variety were significant (P≤0.05) with the use of all treatment compared to control plots. The number of vegetative ramifications per plants was more significant (P≤0.05) with the supply of poultry manure during the development. Concerning the weight of 100 seeds per plants, the poultry manure treatment was significantly (P≤0.05) suitable compared to control and others treatments.