Perception of Equality in Health Care Services Using Health Insurance Card: A Case Study for Public Hospitals in Hanoi

Health insurance is an important tool to reduce the financial burden for people and beneficiaries when seeking medical treatment, making medical services more accessible. With their efforts, governments of all countries aim to develop this type of insurance for the entire population. Therefore, improving the quality of medical examination and treatment with health insurance cards is also one of the prerequisites to raising the level of social security protection for the people. Therefore, people's awareness of this service is essential. This study aims to assess the perception of equity of participants in health insurance services by some public hospitals in Hanoi city based on the equity theory from Adam's process. Through factor analysis and reliability, the implication could be suggested for legislators to amend to improve the quality of medical examination and treatment services with health insurance cards in the current context.