Unveiling Antioxidant Properties of Fagonia Arabica L Grown in Kufa City, Southwest, Iraq

In this study, the antioxidant property of the ethanolic extraction of Dhamaso, botanically known as a Fagonia arabica L. (Prajapati et al., 2020) [17] has been investigated. F. arabica falls under Zygophyllaceae, and flowering dicot (angiosperms), is considered a vital curative plant (Khasim et al., 2020) [14]. It has a wide spectrum of medical traditional uses in sore mouth, smallpox, endocrinological, hematological, neurological, cooling agent in stomatitis, and inflammatory (Iftikhar et al., 2021) [12]. It is a rich source comprising various glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids, besides significant properties like cytotoxic and anti-cancer activities (Alamami et al., 2022) [3]. This is certainly very beneficial, because the side effect of chemical drugs can be reduced, and resistance can be avoided too (Bhagya et al., 2020) [7]. Combination therapy is a significant approach to cancer treatment (Huang et al., 2020) [11]. Objective: This study has evaluated the antioxidant activities of F. arabica L ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity of F. arabica extract was evaluated via the DPPH assay. IC50 % was 12.88 μg/ml for vitamin C, compared to the IC50% was 17.19 μg/ml for FAE. The extract has Moderate anticancer properties on HepG2 cells, MFC7, and weak on normal cell lines, IC50 is 88.46 ± 5.16 µg/mL, 78.87649 ±3.60 and 271.40 ± 3.21 µg/mL, respectively for FAE which described being (Moderate), while it was weak against normal cell lines after a 24-hour incubation period.