Histopathological Effect of Dexamethasone Drug on Some Organs of Female Albino Rats

The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa, fifteen female Albino Rats are used. Dexamethasone is widely used as glucocorticoids for anti inflammation and allergic diseases. The present study has been intended to show the histolopathologiacl effect of dexamethasone on liver and kidneys of female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into three main groups, comprising five rats for each group. The control group is given intra peritoneal injection of physiological normal saline and the second and third group are given intra peritoneal injection of dexamethasone doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day respectively for twenty days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female. The rats are sacrificed to study liver and kidneys morphologically and histologically. Dexamethasone doses twenty, forty mg/kg/day caused significant increase (p?0.05) in relative weights of liver and kidney female rats compare to control group. The histological study on kidneys of female rats treated with twenty dose mg/kg/day of dexamethasone have shown deformation of glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule degeneration and hemorrhage. While the kidneys from the forty-dose mg/kg/day dose of dexamethasone have shown severely affected, they are appeared enlargement of glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubules degeneration and hemorrhage. The histological study on sections from liver related to female rats treated with twenty dose mg/kg/day of dexamethasone has shows hepatocytes degeneration and hemorrhage. While the liver from the forty-dose mg/kg/day dose of dexamethasone has shown severely affected, they are appeared hepatocyte degeneration and enlargement of nuclei.

In conclusion; dexamethasone caused increased in size of kidneys and some histopathological effects while in liver caused hepatotoxicity.