Determinants of Sleep Quality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Aceh Tengah, Indonesia

Background: Sleep quality is the feeling of freshness and well-being that individuals feel when they wake up. Poor sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will affect glucose homeostatis, decreased insulin sensitivity, glycemic control and metabobolic decompensation. This study aims to determine the determinants of sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Aceh Tengah, Indonesia.

Methods: This study is qualitative with a cross sectional design. Data were collected from 210 respondents from October 17-December 19, 2022. Data collection tools comprised demographic characteristics questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and The Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities questionnaire.

Results: Analysis with the Chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between diet/eating patterns (p = 0.000) with sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions: Health education in the form of education about sleep quality and diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with leaflet / booklet media and videos that are easy to understand, will increase patient knowledge and can be used as a routine education program in hospitals.